Authoritative or Not? Questionable Sessions from the Ecumenical Councils

Many assume every session of an ecumenical council is automatically authoritative—but is that true? In this lesson, I examine questionable sessions, the heresy of conciliarism, what Vatican I & II teach, and debates over Haec Sancta, Frequens, and Basel. We’ll explore how to discern which acts are truly approved and what this means for the authority of councils.